Murg, Switzerland - June 08, 2010 - PIT Solutions GmbH and Alturos Software AG, after few years of collaboration finalized the last steps to officially form Okeban Software Services Pvt. Ltd. at Technopark, Trivandrum, India. The establishment of Okeban Software Services Pvt. Ltd. is aimed at combining strengths of Alturos and PIT Solutions to offer high-end web-based solutions and services to their clients globally, with specific attention to clients from DACH (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) region.
Through their European presence in Switzerland and Austria, they would consult their clients on IT strategies and solutions, which would later be realized through their software factory in India. Rafeek K. Mohammed is the CEO of Okeban Software Services Pvt. Ltd.
About Alturos AG
Alturos Software AG is a well-trusted technology partner when it comes to turning creative new business ideas into web-enabled, feature-rich and highly scalabe Internet solutions and portals. Alturos boosts online sales and improves marketing concepts through consulting services and evaluates and implements business plans from A to Z, and through matching technology experts with entrepreneurs and VCs.
About PIT Solutions GmbH
PIT Solutions GmbH is an IT services provider with operations offices in Switzerland and India. They are an ideal partner for complex web and standalone application development needs owing to quality deliveries and cost-aware solutions. Established in the year 2000, the over ten years of experience in the industry has seen hundreds of small, medium and large projects executed with diverse, cutting-edge technologies. PIT Solutions employs a 200-strong pool of skilled software engineers who possess the right mix of experience and skills to understand customers’ needs and provide them the right solutions.
Liferay Portal is an enterprise web platform for building business solutions that deliver immediate results and long-term value. Liferay 6 is capable of integrating many workflow engines like jBPM , Kaleo etc. The workflow can be used for different assets or Liferay built-in controls like Web content, Blog, Forums, Document library, Image gallery, Wiki, Comment etc. This will help users with different roles in an organization to create, edit, review, approve and publish the content, seamlessly.
How to install workflow engine in Liferay?
Installation of workflow engine in Liferay 6 is pretty straight forward.Let’s have a look at the installation of Kaleo workflow engine. The precondition is, Liferay 6.0.2 should be installed in the machine and general awareness of a portal solution or even better, Liferay portal.
Download liferay 6.0.2 from http://sourceforge.net/projects/lportal/. Liferay comes with various appserver and web container bundles (Tomcat, Jetty, Resin etc.).
Download liferay-portal-tomcat-6.0.2.zip which is the bundle of Liferay and Tomcat.Run the Liferay portal by executing startup file in $PORTAL_HOME/tomcat/bin. ($PORTAL_HOME is the extracted or installation directory).
The next step is to deploy the Kaleo workflow engine.
The Workflow Definitions section under Control Panel | Portal allows you to add/edit workflow definitions (Note: make sure that you have proper privileges for configuring workflows). A sample workflow definition file named single-approver-definition.xml can be found under $PORTAL_HOME/tomcat-6.0.26/webapps/kaleo-web/WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/definitions directory.
This example will demonstrate how workflow works with the built-in Liferay Web Content asset in a typical organization.
For Kaleo workflow demonstration, please login as an admin user.
Create an organization named pitsolutions. Add sample page called “welcome” for this organization.
Create a role named Organization Content Creator and give proper permission for managing webcontent for this role.
Create the following users and assign the roles mentioned below.
1) Screen Name - tom
User Name - Tom Creator
Roles – Power User, Organization Content Creator
2) Screen name – james
User Name - James Reviewer
Roles – Power User, Organization Content Reviewer
3) Screen name – steve
User Name – Steve Admin
Roles – Power User, Administrator
Assign the above users to the organization, in this case PIT Solutions. Next is to configure workflow for web content. For this, log in as Steve Admin and go to PIT Solutions public page (http://localhost:8O8O/web/pitsolutions)
Figure 1
Then go to Manage| Control Panel| Portal| Workflow Configuration. Select Single Approver definition for Web Content resource and save.
Figure 2
Now you can submit the article for checking the workflow. Log in as Tom Creator; go to PIT Solutions public page and select Control Panel. You can create a test Web Content and publish the test article. The article created shows the status as “Pending” as in (Figure 3).
Figure 3
As per the workflow definition, the content created is now ready for the review process.
Review the content by logging in as James Reviewer. Go to PIT Solutions public page | Control Panel| My Workflow Tasks. Now you can see article(s) in section ‘Assigned to My Roles’. A reviewer can review the article by assigning the article to himself.
Figure 4
A reviewer can approve or reject the article with his comments. The approved article is ready to be published in the website and the rejected article will go to the content creator basket for editing and re-submission.
Figure 5
The above example is based on simple workflow definition with single approval definition. You can create complex definitions that can be applied for others assets.
Conclusion
The process of integration of workflow engine is simple in Liferay 6. Like Kaleo integration, other workflow engines like jBPM can be integrated. The other significant aspect is that the workflow related tasks are placed centrally under Control Panel and are only visible to people with corresponding rights for Workflow Configuration, Workflow Definition and Workflow Tasks.
If you are running a TYPO3 installation that makes use of SSL, the following feature will enhance your website’s security. You probably know that the HTTP protocol is stateless and therefore sessions try to solve that problem. TYPO3 uses cookies to exchange session identifiers between server and client.
For example, currently when you are running TYPO3 backend with SSL (HTTPS) enabled and call the backend, the server will issue a cookie with the session ID. This cookie will be transferred over a secured/encrypted channel that prevents an eavesdropper from reading the session ID from the cookie. If you call the backend again using standard (insecure) HTTP, your client will transfer the same cookie with the session ID exposed in plain-text for everyone who is sniffing your traffic.
Now, with feature #7461 (’transfer cookies via SSL only, whenever possible’) implemented, you can decide if TYPO3 should transfer created cookies only over a secured/encrypted channel or if cookies, initially issued by the server over a secured/encrypted channel should again only be transferred over a secured/encrypted channel.
This is done by setting a specific cookie declaration that current browsers understand and therefore will apply to your client-server traffic.
To use that new feature, please adjust a new parameter $TYPO3_CONF_VARS['SYS']['cookieSecure'] (through localconf.php file):
integer “0″ - current behaviour, transfer of cookies over any channel (default)
integer “1″ - server creates and transfers cookies only when accessed over a secured/encrypted channel; client is asked to send the cookie only over secured/encrypted channel (this setting enforces SSL)
integer “2″ - server will always create and transfer the cookie no matter which channel is used; if accessed over a secured/encrypted channel, the cookie will only be exchanged in an encrypted way.
Even if your TYPO3 backend is accessible over SSL only, you won’t be safe from cookies with session IDs transferred in an insecure manner and exposed SIDs as plain-text. So, whenever using SSL with TYPO3, please make sure to be familiar with that new feature and its options. There’s now the possibility to access frontend or backend session cookies via HTTP only. With that enabled, it’s no longer possible to access these cookies via JavaScript and for example retrieve session IDs from them. Current browsers support such declaration and will prevent the JS access to the cookies.
In the past it had been possible for a malicious person to find and exploit a Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability, to get hold of session IDs via JavaScript and to try to authenticate to a TYPO3 installation using these session identifiers.
It is expected that some TER-listed extension might stop working. Therefore, this feature is currently disabled by default. Nonetheless, it will be activated by default at a later point in time. Therefore, you might want to test your installation already today:
To enable and use this new security feature, put
$TYPO3_CONF_VARS['SYS']['cookieHttpOnly'] = true;
into your localconf.php file.
Salted passwords
Passwords in TYPO3 are stored using a regular MD5 hash. With knowledge of that hash value, an attacker may be able to recalculate the original password by using rainbow hash tables. The Salted Passwords extension adds a random value - the salt - to the stored hash which drastically reduces the chance of rainbow attacks. This feature can be used by installing the system extension ’saltedpasswords’. Furthermore, a secure channel must be available to transfer the password data. The HTTPS protocol is one option and if that is not available the RSAAuth extension can be used instead.
Asymmetric Encryption for authentication
RSA is a method of asymmetric encryption - something you might already know if you are using GnuPG or PGP. A key pair (public and private key) is created and then, a message can be encrypted using the public key. Only the owner of the private key is later able to decrypt the message.
In case of TYPO3, TYPO3 itself will create a key pair for each login attempt. The public key is given to the client (your browser) which will use it to encrypt you password. So sniffing your traffic will not reveal the password and you are able to login to your TYPO3 installation in an unencrypted wireless LAN without having second thoughts on a possible compromise later. TYPO3 will then decrypt the message with the private key so that the plain-text password is again available on TYPO3 side.
Having plain-text passwords available on TYPO3 side (not only hashed ones like currently) will enable the possibility to apply arbitrary complex transformations on (original) plain-text passwords before being stored into the database. You might even consider to encrypt your passwords in the database. RSA authentication replaced the currently used superchallenge authentication method. However, if you are already using SSL to secure authentications for frontend or backend (normal login method), there’s no need to use RSA. The RSA authentication service can be used in the frontend and backend by enabling the system extension rsaauth.
Open ID
OpenID is a method of using a single login at a trusted provider to automatically allow you trusted access to other websites. You do not need to create accounts or new logins at the other websites, you merely need to tell the other websites what your OpenID is. The first time you do this at a website you are giving permission to your trusted provider to give some of your profile information to the new website. Behind the scenes the trusted provider confirms to the other website that you are who you say you are, because you have already logged in with them today from this browser session.
For example, you have a Yahoo account. You have at some time in the past logged into Yahoo and enabled OpenID with them, and they gave you an OpenID identifier/url. You want to post a comment on BlogSpot or some other website. On that website, you tell them your OpenID identifier/url. If you were already logged into Yahoo today you will be asked by a simple Yahoo page to confirm that you wish to share your identity with BlogSpot, and then you will be granted access. If you are not currently logged into Yahoo, you will be asked to do so. This all occurs without having to manually create a separate new BlogSpot account.
Using OpenID is generally free. All you need to do is register with one or multiple OpenID providers that you trust. Open ID can be used in a typo3 powered website through the new system extension OpenID.
With the introduction of Visual Studio 2010, there are lots of refinements in its main supported programming languages like C# and VB. Here we list some of them from both languages:
C# 4
1. Dynamic lookup: A new type has been introduced called dynamic. The idea is that you can call any operation on the dynamic type you want, and the compiler won’t check it at compile-time but figure it out at runtime. A dynamic object is assumed to support any operation at compile-time, and only at runtime will you get an error. The result of any dynamic operation is of type dynamic.
// Operations on dynamic types
intCount .fldField = intCount .propProperty; // getting and settings fields and properties
intCount[“one”] = intCount[“two”]; // getting and setting thorugh indexers
int intTempCount = intCount + 3; // calling operators
2. Named and optional parameters: Now declare optional parameters by simply providing a default value for it. And call parameters by name:,
// Definition of the method
public void Method(int intX, int intY = 1, int intZ = 2){}
// Using the optional params
Method(1); // same as Method(1, 1, 2);
Method(1, 2); // same as Method(1, 2, 2);
Method(1, 2, 3);
// Named params called, note arbitrary order and missing intY
Method(intZ: 1, intX: 2);
3. Improvements to COM interoperability: A bunch of changes to facilitate COM interopability has been introduced, like passing values to reference params. Unlike in C#, COM APIs use ref params simply as a way to pass value type and make no assumptions about mutability. Thus, specifically for COM methods we are allowed to do this,
// For this COM method signature,
void Method(ref int intI, ref int intJ) { }
// Previously we would have to do this:
int intX = 0; int intY = 0;
Method(intX, ref intY);
// Now we can pass in intY Method(intX, intY); // But note that changes to intX inside the method will be discarded.
// Changes to intY will be retained.
Visual Basic 10 has been structured for developers to get more done in fewer lines of code. The most common customer request for Visual Basic is to remove the underscore (“_”) character when breaking a code statement across multiple lines in most cases. Visual Basic 10 introduces implicit line continuation, which removes the need for the underscore character in most cases.
Another new productivity feature is auto-implemented properties. With auto-implemented properties, multiple lines of property implementation code can be replaced with simple one-line declarations.
Previously, property declarations often looked like this:
Private _FavoriteFirm As String = “PIT Solutions”
Property FavoriteFirm() As String
Get
Return _FavoriteFirm
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
_FavoriteFirm = value
End Set
End Property
Now property declarations can be done much more simply:
Property FavoriteFirm As String = “PIT Solutions”
Collection initializers and array literals are simpler as well. Collections can now be initialized when they’re declared, and the type of array literals is inferred by the compiler.
Interoperating with dynamic language code such as Python and Ruby has become simpler in Visual Basic 10.0. For example, the following code snippet calls a method defined in a Python library “math.py”:
Dim mathLib As Object = python.UseFile(”math.py”)
Dim firstNumber = 44.2
Dim secondNumber = 9.5
mathLib.PowerOf(firstNumber, secondNumber)
Of course there are many more features. But here we considered only some commonly used ones in the development scenario. You can find the complete features list in the MSDN website.
The year-long 10th anniversary celebrations of PIT Solutions were kicked off in style in January 2010. A grand function marked the start of the festivities. The function was special in many ways – one being that it was a full house with every PITSian present; another was that some of our most special clients and venture partners were there too to take part.
It was 10 years ago, at the turn of the millennium, that a group of young engineers along with a Swiss entrepreneur started up the company at Technopark, one of the few IT parks that existed at that time. The company was named PIT Solutions, taking inspiration from the flurry and efficiency that one can see at the pit stops of Formula 1 racing. Upon hindsight, it is remarkable that the company has weathered two of the most trying periods of global recession, and despite them has grown from strength to strength. This was reminisced in a flashback presentation given by the directors at the party venue.
The rest of the evening was rendered colorful by music and dance programs performed by the PITSians themselves. Some of the programs staged easily rivaled those of hardcore professionals thus proving that techies can be equally adept at the arts too.
Friendship and teamwork drive companies to growth and prosperity. Friendship was the theme of the first item of the evening – a solo song by Anwar. The intensity of the singer matched the depth of the theme of friendship.Taking it on from there were Harikrishnan and Devikrishna rendering a duet, which had the message for the crowd.
The directors of PIT Solutions took over and walked the audience through a nostalgic journey of the past 10 years of the company and the trials and triumphs they underwent in taking it to the present day. Dieter talked about his first meeting with Rafeek back in 1998 through a common business friend. Thomaskutty talked about the chance circumstances that brought him into the startup in the year 2000. Rafeek remembered the early pains of starting up and the difficulties in taking off amidst the global recession of the early noughties. A photo slide show with live commentary by Thomaskutty amused the crowd, especially the veterans of PITS who found themselves featured in the photos.
Over a thousand people have worked and contributed to PIT Solutions’ success over a span of 10 years, but a few people have really indulged more than the others and have become key players through their persistent contributions. Twelve people were on this elite list and were honored by the director board. BijuTP, Arjun, Soumia, Smitha, Ajesh, Lucky, Ramkumar, Aneesh, Nithya, Pradeep and BijuBC were the veterans with between 5 to 10 years of association with PIT Solutions.
Sports competitions were ongoing as a run up to the commencement of the anniversary celebrations, and had generated overwhelming interest and awesome participation. Prizes and trophies were given away to the winners during the function with the guests taking turns to felicitate the winners.
Kathak is a North Indian traditional dance form that is known for it elegant costumes and fast swirling moves. Deepthi, Reshmi and Gayatri dazzled on stage with a grand performance.
Much to the delight of everyone, a magic show was presented by Athira which truly enthralled the spectators. The magician made the acts of illusion even more interesting through soliciting participation by representatives from the audience.
A fun dance followed that used a Russian folk song to sync the steps. The costume itself evoked laughter even before the first steps were planted.The group song that followed had a team of seven humming the tunes of …… through some spirited vocal triumphs.Harikrishnan and Haneesh returned from it to add a duet performance that was an inspirational Tamil song.
Then came the magnum opus of the evening that everyone was eagerly waiting for – a sterling dance extravaganza from the PITS guys and girls. Their relay-style performance to multiple musical scores took every spectator along with and had them humming along and tapping toes in sync.
The kids had a gala time too with their lisped cutie steps in near-to-perfect rhythm to the music beats.The items were well sandwiched with entertainment fillers that really kept the tempo steady throughout the evening.
The Blue Brain Project is the first comprehensive attempt to reverse-engineer the mammalian brain, in order to understand brain function and dysfunction through detailed simulations. The aim of the project, founded in May 2005 by the Brain and Mind Institute of the École Polytechnique in Lausanne, Switzerland, is to study the brain’s architectural and functional principles. The project is headed by the Institute’s director,Henry Markram.
The Chief Guest at the talk was Dr. Jayakrishnan, the honourable Vice Chancellor of Kerala University. Dr. Jayakrishnan also happens to be associated with the Swiss Federal Institute (EPFL), which houses the Brain Mind Institute of which Dr. Henry Markram is the director. He wished the Blue Brain Project all success and wished early breakthroughs in unraveling the mysteries of the mind.
Mr.Thomaskutty Sebastin, Head of Business Development and Partner of PIT Solutions, had the responsibility of introducing Dr. Henry Markram to the audience. Thomaskutty gave a broad outline of the scientific career and achievements of Dr. Markram. He also described how his association with Dr. Markram started during their days at EPFL together.
Dr.Markram through his presentation threw light on the immense complexity of the mammalian brain just by explaining the working of a single neuron. The brain contains millions of such neurons. It revealed to the audience how enormous the task would be to simulate the brain using supercomputers, which is going to be the first step for the Blue Brain project.His simple style of presentation and the rich visuals brought to fore all the facts to everyone, even to the layman present. Dr. Markram also used the occasion to announce that PIT Solutions will build the Internet portal to access Blue Brain. The portal will allow the research community, hospitals, industry and the public to access Blue Brain.The Q&A session that followed the talk was an animated one with a few but a varied array of questions from different sections of the audience. Dr. Markram answered the queries in his typical patient and precise demeanor.
Mr.Mervin Alexander, CEO of Technopark, in his address expressed appreciation and gratitude for choosing Technopark as the venue for conducting a talk on such a path-breaking scientific research project. He brought to the audience’s notice that hosting this talk at Technopark is actually part of PIT Solutions’ tenth anniversary celebrations.
The CEO of PIT Solutions, Mr. Rafeek. K. Mohammed in his vote of thanks mentioned about the association of PIT Solutions with Dr. Markram that has led to PIT Solutions’ involvement in the Blue Brain Project. He also recalled that it is the successful ongoing execution of Frontiers, another project of which Dr. Markram is a part, which has helped to build the business relationship and trust over the years.
The media were in full attendance to cover the talk now converged for a press meet. The talk itself and the impact of the Blue Brain project on humanity and medicine had created considerable interest among the media on the future of the project and the role of PIT Solutions in it. Dr. Markram, Rafeek Mohammed, and Thomaskutty Sebastian attentively answered the queries from the media persons and made lucid the Blue Brain – PIT Solutions connection.
Dr.Markram described about the Frontiers project ,its objectives and scope, and how PIT Solutions has been supporting in the smooth execution of it. He explained how it has led to PIT Solutions’ significant involvement in the Blue Brain Project and shared subtle hints of the scale of the project. Rafeek said that PIT Solutions is committed to provide all the IT support needs that the project may need. He shared the challenges involved in finding and engaging the best IT professionals to work for Blue Brain’s success.
Silverlight for mobile enables developers to reuse their existing desktop code, content and skills, and leverages the flexible .NET programming model.
Microsoft Silverlight powers rich application experiences wherever the Web works including mobile devices. Silverlight provides a homogenous platform for developers to target a large number of devices as well as deliver rich interactive applications with scalable vector graphics user interfaces and mobile-optimized media.
Which handsets will support Silverlight for mobile?
Silverlight for mobile will start shipping on Nokia S60 and Windows Mobile devices first.
What are the main features & benefits of Silverlight for mobile?
Microsoft Silverlight is a cross-browser, cross-platform, and cross-device plug-in for delivering the next generation of .NET based media experiences and rich interactive applications for the Web. On mobile devices, Silverlight provides a homogenous platform for developers to target a large number of devices as well as deliver rich interactive applications with scalable vector graphics UI and mobile-optimized media. Further, Silverlight for mobile enables developers to reuse their existing desktop code, content and skills, and leverages the flexible .NET programming model.
Will Silverlight for mobile plug-in on WM be any different from the one on S60?
Silverlight provides a consistent experience across the Web and mobile devices. The same Silverlight applications will work on both Windows Mobile and Nokia S60 devices.
How can I build applications with Silverlight for mobile?
There is no difference in how you build Silverlight applications across Web and mobile devices. Developers and designers are supported by our world-class tools with Visual Studio and Expression Studio.
How can I learn more about Silverlight for mobile?
Silverlight for mobile is currently under development. Microsoft plan to release the final version in 2009.
How does Silverlight for mobile ensure consistency across devices and platforms? How will my apps work and look the same way across different screen sizes, processor speeds and input mechanisms?
Silverlight for mobile provides a consistent set of APIs across devices. The same Silverlight application therefore works across different devices and platforms. Developers also could easily optimize their applications for the form factor they are targeting.
How does Silverlight for mobile integrate with the standards-based Web?
There is no difference in how you build Silverlight applications across Web and mobile devices. Developers and designers are supported by our world-class tools with Visual Studio and Expression Studio.
How is Silverlight for mobile different from Silverlight on desktop?
The goal of Silverlight is to provide a consistent experience across desktop and mobile devices. Developers will be able to easily optimize Silverlight applications for mobile form factors or run existing Silverlight applications on mobile phones.
What version of Silverlight is being made available on mobile initially?
Silverlight for mobile will be based on Silverlight 2.
Where can I find Silverlight for mobile and associated SDK for download?
Silverlight for mobile is in private testing today. We haven’t announced any further details around availability at this time.
News: 27 Jan 2010, 1653 hrs IST, Joe Scaria, ET Bureau
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: PIT Solutions based at the Technopark in Thiruvananthapuram, which focuses on IT solutions to the small and medium sector, has extended its comprehensive IT support to the Blue Brain project.
The project is the first comprehensive attempt to reverse re-engineer the mammalian brain in order to understand brain function and dysfunction through detailed simulations.
PIT Solutions will continue to partner Dr Henry Markram, director of the Swiss Federal Institute’s (EPFL) Brain Mind Institute, for the Blue Brain project. Dr Markram said the mysteries of the mind could be solved, and that it was possible to have a supercomputer that models all the brain’s 100 trillion synapses.
The project attempts to build a computerized copy of a brain, starting with a rat’s brain, and progressing to a human brain, inside one of the world’s most powerful computers. The project hopes to bring into being a mind that will be able to think, reason, express will, lay down memories and perhaps even experience different emotions including love, anger, sadness, pain and joy.
PIT Solutions CEO Rafeek K Mohammed and head of business development, Thomaskutty Sebastian said the partnership would help the company enter an exciting and niche area in software development. Accordingly, PIT Solutions will deploy its IT infrastructure and expertise in supporting various research programmes undertaken as part of the Blue Brain project.
PIT Solutions officials said the company had successfully executed a number of small, medium and large projects with diverse, cutting-edge technologies over the past nine years.
One of the latest operating systems, Windows7 is getting popular throughout the world. Microsoft believes they are able to cover up the tragedy(?) of Windows Vista OS. Windows XP was very popular than any other Windows Operating Systems and this new OS is expected to be popular more than that.
Here are some of the noted features:
PIN - Keep programs and files handy: pin them to the taskbar or Jump Lists.
SNAP - Instant arrange two windows exactly side by side.
HomeGroup - Share files, music—even printers—in just four clicks.
Play To - Send media from your PC to compatible devices on your home network.
Windows Touch - Touch your screen to resize a photo or map or to quickly scroll through your files.
Let me go in to some more features I noticed. I am on Windows7 Ultimate.
Windows7 looks like Windows Vista. Well, it may be because it is using same kernel of Vista. But there are many additions and you will feel yourself faster in performance than Vista or XP. Gadgets are still there.
I personally felt the setup very simple. But same time I have the information from some website that around 68% problems reported by users regarding this OS is related to installation. Not sure whats wrong.
Introduction of ribbons (the one you can see in Microsoft Office Applications) in Wordpad and MS Paint. Calculator appearance also really good now.
Heard there is an improved firewall attached
Comes with DirectX 11. You know DirectX is the graphics engine behind Windows Operating systems which gives us best experience for user interface.
Dr. Henry Markram, world-renowned neuroscientist and project director of the Blue Brain project, would talk on neuroscience and the project during his visit to Technopark Campus, Trivandrum, India, in January 2010.
PIT Solutions is going to be the web technologies partner for the Blue Brain project, and would be hosting and facilitating a grand event of which the talk will be a part. Eminent personalities and prominent neuroscientists of India are expected to be in attendance at the talk, which would be covered by local and national media.
The Blue Brain project is the first comprehensive attempt to reverse-engineer the mammalian brain, in order to understand brain function and dysfunction through detailed simulations.
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